John Donne Biography | Life, Works, Themes & Style Explained In urdu and Hindi

 

📌 John Donne 

🧑‍🎓 Biography:

• Born: 1572, London, England

• Died: March 31, 1631

• John Donne was an English poet, scholar, soldier, and cleric in the Church of England.

• Known for his metaphysical poetry, exploring love, religion, and death.

• Became Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral in 1621.

👪 Parents:

• Father: John Donne (a wealthy ironmonger, Roman Catholic)

• Mother: Elizabeth Heywood (niece of Catholic martyr Thomas More)

• His family faced religious persecution for being Catholic.

🏰 Century:

• Lived in the late 16th and early 17th century (Elizabethan and Jacobean era).

• Wrote during the English Renaissance period.

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📚 Famous Works:

• Poems:

  • The Flea

  • The Good Morrow

  • A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning

  • The Sun Rising

  • The Canonization

• Religious Writings:

  • Holy Sonnets (incl. “Death, be not proud”)

  • Devotions upon Emergent Occasions

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✍️ Style and Structure:

• Known for Metaphysical Poetry: intellectual, witty, and deeply philosophical.

• Uses conceits (extended metaphors), paradoxes, and dramatic monologue style.

• Complex sentence structure and irregular meter.

• Combines emotional intensity with logical argument.

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✅ Key Points:

• Started as a secular (romantic/love) poet, later turned to religious themes.

• Often explored the conflict between physical love and spiritual salvation.

• His work reflects his life experiences, especially spiritual crises.

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🎭 Themes:

• Love (spiritual and physical)

• Death and immortality

• Religion and salvation

• Doubt, faith, and inner conflict

• Human soul and divine truth

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⚖️ Controversies:

• Born Catholic but converted to Anglicanism – caused suspicion in his time.

• Some early poems were considered erotic or shocking by conservative audiences.

• His shift from love poetry to religious sermons was dramatic and debated.