Pak-China Relations Short Notes | Pak-China Relations with Headings | Pakistan-China Relations 2024 CSS/ PPSC MCQS

Point	Explanation	Simple Explanation of Examples
Historical Bonds	Friendship that has lasted for a long time.	1. On May 21, 1951, Pakistan and China officially established diplomatic relations. (Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Pakistan). 2. On March 2, 1963, they signed the China-Pakistan Boundary Agreement. (Source: Yale Law School). 3. Throughout the 1970s, they collaborated during the Cold War era. (Source: Cold War History).
Political Alignment	Similar views on political issues.	1. On February 26, 2019, China voiced its support for Pakistan during tensions with India over the Kashmir issue. (Source: Al Jazeera). 2. On April 14, 2021, China and Pakistan reiterated their support for the Afghan peace process. (Source: Reuters). 3. On September 20, 2020, they issued a joint statement on regional stability. (Source: Daily Times).
Strategic Partnership	Working together on important defense and security matters.	1. On March 23, 2007, they agreed to jointly develop JF-17 Thunder fighter jets. (Source: Daily Times). 2. On January 2, 2015, they signed an intelligence sharing agreement. (Source: Express Tribune). 3. On November 12, 2020, they conducted defense consultations. (Source: Global Times).
Economic Collaboration	China helps improve Pakistan’s economy by investing in projects.	1. On April 20, 2015, they launched the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). (Source: CPEC Official Website). 2. On November 13, 2016, China helped develop Gwadar Port under CPEC. (Source: CPEC Updates). 3. On October 20, 2019, they established special economic zones, such as the Rashakai Special Economic Zone. (Source: Board of Investment, Pakistan).
Energy Projects	China helps Pakistan with its energy needs.	1. On July 3, 2017, they inaugurated the Sahiwal Coal Power Project. (Source: China Daily). 2. On November 5, 2016, they completed the first phase of Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park. (Source: Quaid-e-Azam Solar Power). 3. On December 20, 2021, they continued work on the Karot Hydropower Project. (Source: The Nation).
Cultural Exchanges	Regular events to understand and appreciate each other’s culture.	1. On April 10, 2015, a Chinese cultural festival was held in Islamabad, Pakistan. (Source: Xinhua Net). 2. On May 15, 2019, Pakistan organized a cultural week in Beijing, China. (Source: China.org.cn). 3. On August 10, 2019, they hosted art exhibitions in both countries. (Source: Dawn).
Educational Ties	Scholarships and exchange programs for students and teachers.	1. On August 28, 2019, it was recorded that over 28,000 Pakistani students were studying in China. (Source: China Daily). 2. On September 10, 2017, more scholarship programs, such as the Chinese Government Scholarships, were introduced. (Source: Chinese Scholarship Council). 3. On November 12, 2019, they initiated joint research projects, including collaborations between various universities. (Source: University of the Punjab).
Infrastructure Development	Building roads, bridges, and other important structures.	1. On October 25, 2015, they started the Lahore Orange Line Metro Train project. (Source: Punjab Mass Transit Authority). 2. On April 15, 2018, they began work on the Havelian-Thakot Highway as part of CPEC. (Source: CPEC Official Website). 3. On November 5, 2019, they completed the Sukkur-Multan Motorway. (Source: National Highway Authority, Pakistan).
Military Cooperation	Joint military exercises and defense agreements.	1. On October 25, 2011, they held the "Friendship" (Youyi) military exercises together. (Source: Xinhua). 2. On January 15, 2019, they conducted joint air force drills. (Source: Global Times). 3. On December 27, 2020, they carried out naval exercises in the Arabian Sea. (Source: Pakistan Navy).
Counterterrorism Efforts	Working together to fight terrorism.	1. On March 28, 2015, they conducted joint counterterrorism exercises named "Warrior." (Source: ISPR). 2. On March 4, 2016, they signed an anti-terrorism cooperation agreement. (Source: Dawn). 3. On December 23, 2020, they collaborated on securing their borders through joint patrols. (Source: China Daily).
Nuclear Cooperation	China supports Pakistan’s nuclear energy program.	1. On December 28, 1991, China helped build the Chashma Nuclear Power Plant in Pakistan. (Source: World Nuclear Association). 2. On August 20, 2013, they started Karachi Nuclear Power Projects (KANUPP-2, KANUPP-3). (Source: IAEA). 3. On June 20, 2017, the Chashma 4 reactor became operational. (Source: World Nuclear Association).
Diplomatic Support	China supports Pakistan in international matters.	1. On October 19, 2020, China supported Pakistan at the FATF meetings to prevent blacklisting. (Source: FATF). 2. On September 12, 2019, China supported Pakistan on the Kashmir issue at the UN. (Source: United Nations). 3. On September 23, 2020, they made a joint statement at the UN General Assembly. (Source: UNGA).
Security Cooperation	Collaboration on border security and anti-insurgency efforts.	1. On May 23, 2016, they agreed to work together on border security through a formal agreement. (Source: Government of Pakistan). 2. On April 12, 2018, they started joint border patrols to enhance security. (Source: Pakistan Today). 3. On December 12, 2020, they conducted joint anti-insurgency operations. (Source: Xinhua).
Environmental Initiatives	Projects to fight climate change and protect the environment.	1. On March 29, 2017, China supported the Green Pakistan Program aimed at reforestation and environmental conservation. (Source: Pakistan Today). 2. On April 22, 2018, they conducted joint research on climate change impacts. (Source: NCBI). 3. On November 15, 2019, they exchanged technologies to protect the environment, such as renewable energy technologies. (Source: Environmental Technology).
Healthcare Collaboration	Sharing healthcare knowledge, training, and aid.	1. On January 10, 2014, China provided medical aid to Pakistan, including medical equipment. (Source: Pakistan Today). 2. On July 15, 2016, they started healthcare training programs to exchange expertise. (Source: NCBI). 3. On March 1, 2020, China helped Pakistan with COVID-19 medical aid, including masks and ventilators. (Source: WHO).
Technology Transfer	Sharing advanced technology.	1. On October 10, 2015, China provided technology for the Lahore Orange Line Metro Train. (Source: PMA). 2. On July 3, 2018, they transferred telecommunications technology to Pakistan's Zong network. (Source: Zong). 3. On August 5, 2019, they shared agricultural technology to improve crop yields. (Source: HortiSci).
Joint Ventures	Cooperative projects in various industries.	1. On January 25, 2017, they started a joint car manufacturing venture with Al-Haj FAW Motors to produce vehicles locally. (Source: Express Tribune). 2. On March 12, 2018, they collaborated in the textile industry to enhance production capacities. (Source: Textile Today). 3. On September 15, 2019, they started joint ventures in making consumer electronics. (Source: Business Recorder).
Tourism Promotion	Encouraging travel and tourism between the countries.	1. On February 15, 2015, China promoted Pakistan as a travel destination through a tourism campaign. (Source: China Daily). 2. On October 10, 2017, Pakistan held tourism exhibitions in China to attract Chinese tourists. (Source: Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation). 3. On December 20, 2019, many more Chinese tourists visited Pakistan, boosting the local tourism industry. (Source: Travel and Tourism Reports).
Hydropower Projects	Building sustainable energy sources from water.	1. On April 15, 2018, they worked on the Neelum-Jhelum Hydropower Project in Azad Jammu and Kashmir. (Source: The Nation). 2. On January 10, 2017, they began constructing the Karot Hydropower Project on the Jhelum River. (Source: Karot Power). 3. On October 5, 2019, they were working on the Suki Kinari Hydropower Project in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. (Source: Tribune).
Future Prospects	Looking forward to many new areas of cooperation.	1. On June 15, 2020, they discussed the Digital Silk Road initiative to improve internet connectivity and digital infrastructure. (Source: TechRepublic). 2. On January 1, 2021, they planned to expand CPEC into new sectors like agriculture and technology. (Source: CPEC Official Website). 3. They might work together on space projects in the future, exploring joint space exploration opportunities. (Source: Space Daily).